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The repeated ANOVA was also calculated including gender as a between subject factor. Empirical findings have shown that people take the presumed motivation of a gossiper into account when judging the morality of the respective gossiper, for instance (Beersma and Van Kleef, 2012). Psychol. 7 Articles, This article is part of the Research Topic, https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-68883, Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), Faculty of Communication and Environment, Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Kamp-Lintfort, Germany. This approach might harbor potential threats. (2015). doi: 10.1111/spc3.12255, Yukl, G., and Falbe, C. M. (1990). People who do not like a person will typically seek out other people who share a mutual dislike for the same person. Cliques, rumors, and gossip by the water cooler: female bullying in the workplace. Yes! People want to be seen as being in the know when it comes to the latest gossip about others. So, keep on talking. Who is James bond? NBC News BETTER is obsessed with finding easier, healthier and smarter ways to live. doi: 10.1016/B978-012134645-4/50027-5. Individ. Its just social information and we learn a lot about the social world around us when we gossip., What makes gossip good, bad or neutral is how we use the information, not the content of the news itself, McAndrew says. doi: 10.1177/1059601109360389. Evol. Hum. Also, at the group level, a climate of information permeability and norm compliance is generated (e.g., Piazza and Bering, 2008; Feinberg et al., 2012). J. Appl. Its just social information and we learn a lot about the social world around us when we gossip. Social curiosity and gossip: Related but different drives of social functioning. doi: 10.1177/0146167214554916, McAndrew, F. T. (2014). What then? (2013). Psychol. A competitive situation might elicit motives that serve the individual more easily and hazards negative consequences for others. However, if even individuals with dark personalities rarely use gossip with the intention to harm others, the positive aspects of gossip would be underlined. In addition, Buffardi and Campbell (2008) showed that individuals scoring high on narcissism are more active on social networking sites such as Facebook (see also e.g., Carpenter, 2012). The dark triad personality traits were entered as independent variables and motives as dependent variables. 41, 18181833. Morf, C. C., and Rhodewalt, F. (2001). Public Pers. Gossip isn't. One might speculate that more Machiavellian individuals use gossip more strategically to gain long-term, higher order goals in domains of competition and performance (Jones and Paulhus, 2011). Characteristics of gossips are: insecurity, jealous of others, low self esteem, angry at the world, have too much idle time on their hands, usually don't have any hobbies or activities they could be doing instead of rumor mongering, unhappy with their lives, don't like to see other people happy, attention seekers, like giving the illusion that 22, 420. doi: 10.1037/a0019265, Jones, D. N., and Figueredo, A. J. Psychology Today 2023 Sussex Publishers, LLC. Mirroring the results of the classical repeated ANOVA, the Bayesian repeated ANOVA revealed that the situation as well as the interaction were not meaningful. Peng et al. If this explanation sounds overwhelming, the good news is that it's time to get practical. Theory of mind and the evolution of language, in Approaches to the Evolution of Language, eds J. R. Hurford, M. Studdert-Kennedy, and C. Knight (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 92110. Tourangeau, R. (2000). Predictors of a behavioral measure of scholastic cheating: personality and competence but not demographics. Eur. Knowing what you value will help you build the most meaningful life possible. Pers. doi: 10.1016/j.socnet.2011.11.003, Ellwardt, L., Steglich, C., and Wittek, R. (2012b). Focusing on one of these dimensions of gossip might change the evaluation and emphasize the negative reputation of gossip. Pers. He's a typical bad boy who is always looking for trouble. Dunbar, R. (1998). As the common core the tendency to deceive, manipulate, and exploit others for one's own benefit has been suggested (Lee et al., 2013; see also Jones and Figueredo, 2013). Perspect. Contrary to that perspective, gossip is considered as a form of passive-aggressive form of workplace bullying in work and organizational literature (e.g., Lewis and Gunn, 2007; Crothers et al., 2009; Privitera and Campbell, 2009). Can Humans Detect Text by AI Chatbot GPT? Can Humans Detect Text by AI Chatbot GPT? Research has shown that the dark triad personality traits are related to a variety of negative social and non-social outcomes (e.g., Baughman et al., 2012; OBoyle et al., 2012; Wisse and Sleebos, 2016; Muris et al., 2017; Deutchman and Sullivan, 2018). A proud woman born to a highly respected Southern family, Miss Emily seems frozen in the past, bearing herself aristocratically even when she is impoverished after her controlling father's death. Again, social enjoyment reasons are more often reported by participants scoring higher on narcissism, however, only in work-related settings (p = 0.05). doi: 10.4135/9781412986373, Book, A., Visser, B. All Rights Reserved. You can train yourself to be more patient. In the study, participants were divided into subgroups, and then each person was given a number of points representing small sums of money. These traits may include: accepting. Behav. Magazines, Or create a free account to access more articles, The Science Behind Why People GossipAnd When It Can Be a Good Thing. Psychol. According to Bayesian repeated ANOVA, the model containing the two main effects and the interaction effect received overwhelming support from the data with a BF10 = 6.33 1079. Why do other people have such a problem with it? Who hasnt wanted to get something off their chesteven if that something painted someone else in a negative light? If youre doing it for your own personal gain, dont, Willer says. To ensure the internal validity, confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) using AMOS (version 24.0.0) were conducted for private and work setting separately (see Figure 1). Soc. Nevertheless, future research needs to find a concluding answer. This type of gossip begins with a compliment, but somewhere in the midst of the praise, a little piece of negative gossip slips in. Sci. Personality traits are characteristic of enduring behavioral and emotional patterns, rather than isolated occurrences. Exp. 18, 574579. Dif. doi: 10.1348/096317905X40817, Waddington, K., and Fletcher, C. (2005). Gossips have poor ego development and tend to be emotionally labile. Shes the author of Seek: A Womans Guide to Meeting God, Raising Kids with Good Manners, and Taming Your Family Zoo, and has been a guest on numerous radio and television shows including Focus on the Family, At Home, Live! Schwarz, N., and Bless, H. (1992). Hum. To address the issue of sample size, the analyses were repeated using Bayesian statistics (e.g., van de Schoot et al., 2013). Pers. Is that news going to stop something bad from happening? Due to clarity reasons the inter-factor correlations are not displayed in Figure 1. Work and organizational literature has also shown that people gossip for other than hostile intentions at the workplace (Waddington, 2005; Waddington and Fletcher, 2005; Kuo et al., 2015; see also Michelson and Mouly, 2004; Michelson et al., 2010). By the time my husband had enough credible evidence to adequately address the issue, damagethat could have been avoidedwas already done. Pers. Behav. information, physical appearance, and achievement gossip in . This finding deviates from previous research where social enjoyment reasons were rated as more important than protection reasons (Beersma and Van Kleef, 2012). It's not inherently bad; and plays an important role in keeping our society connected. Individ. Negative gossip about celebrities and positive gossip about self entertain people in different ways. Striving for truth in our relationships with others shows we care about their desires and choices. They prefer to do the least amount for the most gain, believing any and all. Taken together, both classical linear regression and Bayesian linear regression show that the importance of motives mainly depends on the gossiper's narcissism. The present results show that the reasons to talk about an absent person depend to some extent on the personality of the people being part of the gossip activity (i.e., gossiper). That knowledge helped people get ahead socially; and people who were not interested in it were at a disadvantage, McAndrew says. Compass 10, 350364. Those who have the sickness of pride in their hearts speak of others' sins with contempt, irritation, frustration, or judgment. I want to receive exclusive email updates from YourDictionary. Peters, K., and Kashima, Y. Translating Questionnaires and Other Research Instruments: Problems and Solutions. Gossip as an effective and low-cost form of punishment. (If any of these sound familiar, consider them an opportunity for personal growth.). Jonason and Schmitt (2012) argued that being surrounded by a lot of (potential) friends is a way to satisfy the continuous need for self-validation; likewise, it may serve the need for external self-affirmation and appreciationyou need audience when you want to shine on stage (Morf and Rhodewalt, 2001). Why are narcissists so charming at first sight? Thus, when focusing on gossipers' intentions, a rather positive picture of gossip is painted. *Correspondence: Freda-Marie Hartung, freda-marie.hartung@hsrw.eu, Why People Gossip and What It Brings About: Motives For, and Consequences Of, Informal Evaluative Information Exchange, View all Psychol. Not surprisingly, they were happier to hear positive gossip about themselves, and more irked by hearing negative gossip about themselves as opposed to hearing gossip about others.). The dirty dozen: a concise measure of the dark triad. (2012). Some things are not ours to shareeven in the form of prayers. Soc. Workplace bullying in the public sector: understanding the racial dimension. In a second step, we did not look at the models containing all three personality traits but at the models reaching the highest BF10 (see Table 2; B: BF10). Another reason to exchange information about a third person was to build trust to one's gossip partner. However, when someone's typical behavior is to snap at people rather than communicating politely, then irritable is likely one of their personality traits. London: faber and faber. doi: 10.1026/0012-1924/a000124, Kuo, C., Chang, K., Quinton, S., Lu, C., and Lee, I. (2006) argues in his social gossip theory of language that human language evolved in order to keep track of complex social networks and to ensure the cohesion in large social groups. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. doi: 10.1002/per.1860, Levin, J., and Arluke, A. Individ. Consequently, we explore whether motives show differential importance between these two situations and whether the dark triad traits show differential relationships to gossip reasons across situations (see also Beersma and Van Kleef, 2012). How perceptions of gossiper morality are related to gossip content. They also found that people high in the personality traits of extraversion and agreeableness tended to gossip more than others. To measure reasons to gossip the English version of Motives to Gossip Questionnaire (Beersma and Van Kleef, 2012) was translated into German using the parallel blind technique (Behling and Law, 2000). The more narcissistic a person is, the more they tend to use gossip in order to validate information about others and also to gather information (at least in the work setting). In contrast, the motives factor receives extreme support. However, we found neither a significant effect nor did the results change including gender. They state that its pervasiveness suggests that "sanctions against gossip may be futile and underscores the importance of understanding gossip at a descriptive level." Individ. Also, post-hoc power analysis for the two regression analyses not reaching conventional levels of significance (i.e., for information gathering and protection in private setting) revealed that the F-tests did not achieve sufficient power (0.13 for protection and 0.58 for information gathering). There are two basic subtypes of narcissism: grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism. Remembering what happened: Memory errors and survey reports, in The Science of Self-Report: Implications for Research and Practice, eds A. doi: 10.1177/0956797617716918. Natl. A bad gossiper, on the other hand, is someone who shares information about others in order to get ahead or get an advantage themselves, or just plain recklessly. doi: 10.1177/147470491201000303, Jonason, P. K., Slomski, S., and Partyka, J. It is a meta-analysis of gossip as a behavior, not a study. Gossiping gives people a sense of power. How Psychologically Conditioned Rats Are Defusing Landmines, The Innate Intelligence Observed in the Dying Process. The least important motive was harming the gossip target. Part II: Example applications with JASP. In their study, Beersma and Van Kleef (2012) distinguished four different reasons to gossip, namely information gathering and validation, social enjoyment, negative influence, and group protection. And while in the know gossips have been around forever, social media has driven in the know gossip to new heights. Bless Your Heart gossip is manipulative, spiteful, and mean. It's like one caveman beating up another caveman for control of the tribe-only it's done with cruel whispers and petty remarks instead of fists. However, the model that receives most support was the model containing the motives factor only (BF10 = 4.48 1082). 75:132. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.75.2.132. In such a scenario, youre not learning anything, Robbins adds. I gossip, I'm judgemental, and I can be lazy. In other words, what are the common topics, times of day, and conversation characteristics that define gossip? You feel violated and resentful. People tend to think of gossip as synonymous with malicious rumors, put-downs or the breathless propagation of a tabloid scoop. doi: 10.1177/1948550611405073, Beersma, B., and Van Kleef, G. A. Q. This motivation was apparent in the private setting as well as in the work setting suggesting that it might play a role in amicable relationship building as well as professional networking. characteristics and dynamics of male gossip. Read: That urge to share a juicy piece of news when you hear it is part of who we are and a natural characteristic of the species weve become. The study also found that the caudate nucleus, a reward center in the brain, was activated in response to negative gossip about celebrities; subjects seemed to be amused or entertained by salacious celebrity scandals. (2014). Schwarz, N., and Bless, H. (1991). The INTP personality at a glance. People who heard either positive or negative gossip about themselves showed more activity in the prefrontal cortex of their brains, which helps people navigate complex social behaviors. 71, 3538. For an optimal experience visit our site on another browser. They include: The combination of these traits can determine whether you are introverted or extroverted, open to new experiences or fearful or the unknown, agreeable or temperamental, and more. Also, individuals scoring high on narcissism show more indirect bullying than physical bullying (Baughman et al., 2012). Also, the p-value in classical analysis provides the information about the probability of obtaining results as least as extreme as those observed given that the null hypothesis is true; the alternative hypothesis is left unspecified (Wagenmakers et al., 2018b). J. Psychol. Assess. doi: 10.1016/j.socnet.2012.07.002, Ellwardt, L., Wittek, R., and Wielers, R. (2012c). Six distinct reasons have been identified that underlie gossip behavior: information validation, information gathering, relationship building, protection, social enjoyment, and negative influence. The DSM-5 lists nine key narcissistic traits: exaggerated feelings of superiority and self-importance.